Money
Key facts on U.S. nonprofits and foundations
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Money
U.S. nonprofits raise an aggregate $3.7 trillion and spend $3.5 trillion every single year.
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People
An estimated 12.5 million people work for U.S. nonprofits, making it the third largest employer.
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Organizations
There are 1,935,344 registered nonprofits in the United States, and most of them are small.
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Nonprofits raise an aggregate $3.7 trillion every year and spend $3.5 trillion.
Expenses by nonprofit typeExpenses by nonprofit type are based on the latest available IRS filing available (going back no earlier than 2019) for organizations present on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Note: These figures do not account for the double-counting of financial transfers between nonprofits. Estimates from 2016 indicate that nonprofits contribute just over $1 trillion annually to GDP.
For organization-level detail about U.S. nonprofits, searchable by expense range, visit Candid search.
Expenses by nonprofit type are based on the latest available IRS filing available (going back no earlier than 2019) for organizations present on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Note: These figures do not account for the double-counting of financial transfers between nonprofits. Estimates from 2016 indicate that nonprofits contribute just over $1 trillion annually to GDP.
For organization-level detail about U.S. nonprofits, searchable by expense range, visit Candid search.
Most nonprofits and foundations are small, having under $1 million in revenue or assets respectively.
Nonprofits by revenueNonprofit revenue data comes from the organization’s latest available IRS filing (2019-2023) for organizations present on any calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Nonprofit revenue data comes from the organization’s latest available IRS filing (2019-2023) for organizations present on any calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Foundations by assetsBased on the most recent IRS filing available, 2019 or later, available for private and community foundations appearing on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File (BMF).
Note: Includes 501(c)(3) organizations that Candid has identified as community foundations as well as organizations designated as private foundations on the IRS BMF (per the foundation code).
For organization-level detail about U.S. nonprofits (including private foundations), searchable by asset range, visit Candid search.
Based on the most recent IRS filing available, 2019 or later, available for private and community foundations appearing on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File (BMF).
Note: Includes 501(c)(3) organizations that Candid has identified as community foundations as well as organizations designated as private foundations on the IRS BMF (per the foundation code).
For organization-level detail about U.S. nonprofits (including private foundations), searchable by asset range, visit Candid search.
Nonprofits raise money from a variety of sources, but the vast majority is earned through services or products, or given by individuals.Data about sources of nonprofit revenue is available only for nonprofits that file IRS form 990. The data featured here comes from the organization’s latest available IRS filing (2019-2023) for organizations present on any calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Data about sources of nonprofit revenue is available only for nonprofits that file IRS form 990. The data featured here comes from the organization’s latest available IRS filing (2019-2023) for organizations present on any calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Contributions and revenue to nonprofitsChart combines data from fiscal year 2019 990 and EZ IRS filings as well as estimates from Giving USA for 2022. Note: Giving USA estimates are incorporated to include information about the sourcing of charitable contributions (e.g., the amount from individuals) that goes beyond the level of detail available on IRS filings.
Chart combines data from fiscal year 2019 990 and EZ IRS filings as well as estimates from Giving USA for 2022. Note: Giving USA estimates are incorporated to include information about the sourcing of charitable contributions (e.g., the amount from individuals) that goes beyond the level of detail available on IRS filings.
Estimated giving to nonprofitsChart combines data from fiscal year 2019 990 and EZ IRS filings as well as estimates from Giving USA for 2022. Note: Giving USA estimates are incorporated to include information about the sourcing of charitable contributions (e.g., the amount from individuals) that goes beyond the level of detail available on IRS filings.
Chart combines data from fiscal year 2019 990 and EZ IRS filings as well as estimates from Giving USA for 2022. Note: Giving USA estimates are incorporated to include information about the sourcing of charitable contributions (e.g., the amount from individuals) that goes beyond the level of detail available on IRS filings.
Giving by private and community foundations has been growing steadily.
Foundation giving over timeBased on the most recent IRS filing available, 2019 or later, available for private and community foundations appearing on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File (BMF).
Based on the most recent IRS filing available, 2019 or later, available for private and community foundations appearing on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File (BMF).
What does foundation funding support?
Subject areaIncludes all grants awarded by U.S. private and community foundations in 2022 and captured in Candid’s databases. Subject categories are based on Candid’s Philanthropy Classification System. Grants may receive multiple subject codes, in which case the full amount of the grant will be counted under each subject area.
Note: For grants-level detail about funding by U.S. private and community foundations, searchable by subject area, visit Foundation Maps or Candid search.
Includes all grants awarded by U.S. private and community foundations in 2022 and captured in Candid’s databases. Subject categories are based on Candid’s Philanthropy Classification System. Grants may receive multiple subject codes, in which case the full amount of the grant will be counted under each subject area.
Note: For grants-level detail about funding by U.S. private and community foundations, searchable by subject area, visit Foundation Maps or Candid search.
Population servedIncludes all grants awarded by U.S. private and community foundations in 2022 and captured in Candid’s databases. Population served categories are based on Candid’s Philanthropy Classification System. Grants may receive multiple subject codes, in which case the full amount of the grant will be counted under each subject area.
Note: For grants-level detail about funding by U.S. private and community foundations, searchable by subject area, visit Foundation Maps or Candid search.
Includes all grants awarded by U.S. private and community foundations in 2022 and captured in Candid’s databases. Population served categories are based on Candid’s Philanthropy Classification System. Grants may receive multiple subject codes, in which case the full amount of the grant will be counted under each subject area.
Note: For grants-level detail about funding by U.S. private and community foundations, searchable by subject area, visit Foundation Maps or Candid search.
Support strategyIncludes all grants awarded by U.S. private and community foundations in 2022 and captured in Candid’s databases. Support strategy categories are based on Candid’s Philanthropy Classification System. Grants may receive multiple subject codes, in which case the full amount of the grant will be counted under each subject area.
Note: For grants-level detail about funding by U.S. private and community foundations, searchable by subject area, visit Foundation Maps or Candid search.
Includes all grants awarded by U.S. private and community foundations in 2022 and captured in Candid’s databases. Support strategy categories are based on Candid’s Philanthropy Classification System. Grants may receive multiple subject codes, in which case the full amount of the grant will be counted under each subject area.
Note: For grants-level detail about funding by U.S. private and community foundations, searchable by subject area, visit Foundation Maps or Candid search.
Grant funding is not evenly distributed across the U.S., but it does mirror population distribution.
Grant funding by stateBased on grants awarded by U.S.-based funders in fiscal year 2022.
Based on grants awarded by U.S.-based funders in fiscal year 2022.
Mega donors and large grantmakers skew giving data.
Individual donors: share of dollars vs. share of donorsFigures based on GivingTuesday Fundraising Effectiveness Project as reported in Dollars and Change: A Look at Individual and Institutional Giving Across the United States From 2015 to 2022. See report for full methodology.
Figures based on GivingTuesday Fundraising Effectiveness Project as reported in Dollars and Change: A Look at Individual and Institutional Giving Across the United States From 2015 to 2022. See report for full methodology.
Grantmakers: share of dollars vs. share of grantmakersFigures based on Candid’s transaction data set on US grantmakers as reported in Dollars and Change A Look at Individual and Institutional Giving Across the United States From 2015 to 2022. See report for full methodology.
Figures based on Candid’s transaction data set on US grantmakers as reported in Dollars and Change A Look at Individual and Institutional Giving Across the United States From 2015 to 2022. See report for full methodology.
Largest grants awarded in fiscal year 2022
Largest foundations by total giving in fiscal year 2022Includes 501(c)(3) private foundations and community foundations registered with the IRS and present on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Foundations are ranked by largest total giving. These figures come from the organization’s latest IRS filing, available as of July 2024 and going back no earlier than 2019. For the majority of organizations, total giving recorded for fiscal year end 2022 are represented.
Includes 501(c)(3) private foundations and community foundations registered with the IRS and present on a calendar year 2023 Business Master File.
Foundations are ranked by largest total giving. These figures come from the organization’s latest IRS filing, available as of July 2024 and going back no earlier than 2019. For the majority of organizations, total giving recorded for fiscal year end 2022 are represented.
